City of Suyab (Site of Ak-Beshim)

The emergence of the city of Suyab(6th-7th century A.D.) in the Chuy Valley was closely related to significant political and social changes of the period in Central Asia. The most significant of these are:
1) Development of the First Turkic Kaganate (553-588 A.D.), a Eurasian nomadic empire which joined to the
largest state of the time- Byzantium, Sassanid Iran, and China – to take control over the trading route connecting
the Far East with the Mediterranean,
2) Considerable consequent expansion of transcontinental trade along the Northern Silk Route,
3) And the migration of Turkic tribes, the Sogdian, Tocharian, and other merchants. These changes fostered development of towns in the Chuy Valley.
In 7th-10th century A.D., Suyab (also known Ordukent or Ordu) played an important role in the political history of Central Asia, as it was a capital of the Western Turkic, Turgesh and Karluk kaganates. From 648-719, Suyab became one of four garrisons, i.e. one of the principal Tang’ s frontier fortresses. It is first mentioned in 629 in the “Description of Western Lands” by Xuanzang. ”Tang Shu”(the History of Tang Dynasty) and “Xin Tang Shu” (the New History of Tang Dynasty) contain detailed descriptions of trade routes, connecting Suyab and other trading centers of the Chuy valley with China. Suyab is mentioned by medieval geographers and travelers until the 10th century. City displays common construction and architectural techniques with Central Asia and East Turkestan.

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